Băița
An old mining centre at the foot of the Metaliferi Mountains, with a gold mine worked since Roman times.
Băița is a commune in the north of the county, at the foot of the Metaliferi Mountains, made up of Băița (the seat), Barbura, Căinelu de Sus, Crăciunești, Fizeș, Hărțăgani, Lunca, Ormindea, Peștera, Săliște and Trestia. Băița village lies on the DJ706A, about 25 km from Deva and 24 km from Brad, and appears in records from 1472 under the German name Pernseyfen.
The wealth beneath its ground made Băița a privileged place from its earliest mentions. In Roman times it was an important mining and administrative centre, and its gold mine was already being worked; between the Măgura and Cornet hills, the remains of 20 stone and brick buildings, water pipes, mining tools and two coin hoards have been found.
Băița has the Orthodox Church of the Annunciation, from 1727, with paintings from 1797, the Roman Catholic church, from 1780, and the Textile Museum, opened in 2018, while Hărțăgani has the wooden Church of the Annunciation, from 1793, on a hilltop. North of Crăciunești, the limestone of Măgura Hill is a nature reserve (120 ha) within the Măgurile Băiței Natura 2000 site. The writer Mircea Sântimbreanu (1926–1999) was born in Băița.
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